西北地区芝麻异交率研究

Study on Outcrossing Rate of Sesame in the Northwest of China

为了研究西北地区气候条件正常年份下芝麻的天然异交率,以单花芝麻品种汾黑芝3号和三花芝麻品种晋芝3号为材料,以显性基因控制的单花芝麻为异源花粉,采用单花和三花芝麻混合播种、在三花芝麻中间单株播种三花芝麻、与单花芝麻不同距离播种3种试验设计,测定三花天然异交后代群体中的单花性状比率.结果表明,混合播种异交率较高,最高达到18.71%,是所有试验设计中最高的.单株播种设计异交率低于混合播种,但高于除第2行外所有不同行距离播种;三花芝麻种植在距离单花芝麻较近,且周边单花芝麻较多的环境下异交率较高,以第2行的异交率最高,达到11.56%;距离单花芝麻远且周边单花芝麻较少的环境下异交率较低,第42耀69行的异交率仅有00.25%.

In order to study the nature outcrossing rate of sesame(normal year)in the northwest region of China,using asingle-flower sesame Fenheizhi 3 and three-flower sesame Jinzhi 3 as materials,using single-flower sesame as heterogenous pollencontrolled by dominant gene,three-flower sesame controlled by the recessive gene,three-flower trait became into single-flower traitafter natural outcrossing,determining the principle of sesame natural outcrossing rate by measuring the rate of single-flower traitsamong the progenies(F1)of three-flower sesame;using the experiment design,namely,conducting the mixed seeding with single-flower& three-flower sesame,sowing one three-flower sesame(the spacing is different from the single-flower sesame)among three-flower sesames. The result shows that outcrossing rate of the mixed seeding is the highest of all trials,up to 18.71%. The outcrossingrate of seeds per plant is lower than mixed seeding and higher than different distance sowing;Three-flower sesame outcrossing rateis higher,when they nearing and surrounding of single flower sesame. Ju 2 outcrossing rate is highest,up to 11.56%,On thecontrary,the outcrossing rate is lower. ju 42~ju 69 only 0~0.25%.