前牙美学区实施即刻种植及延期种植对患者唇侧骨量变化的对比研究

Comparison Research of Labial Bone Level Change after Immediate Implant and Delayed Implant in Anterior Extractionsockets

目的:研究对比前牙美学区实施即刻种植及延期种植对患者唇侧骨量变化。方法:选择2012年4月至2013年4月在我院接受上颌前牙区的单颗种植手术治疗的患者96例作为研究对象。根据数字法随机分成即刻种植组48例(48颗ITI种植体)与延期种植组48例(48颗ITI种植体)。对比两组术后唇侧骨量情况,唇侧骨的改建情况以及术后1年的PES评分。结果:即刻种植组术后1年的唇侧骨高度较术后即刻显著更高,差异有统计学意义(P<0.05)。即刻种植组与延期种植组术后1年水平向骨改建的种植体冠方C及中段M较术后即刻显著更低,差异均有统计学意义(均P<0.05)。即刻种植组在术后1年的唇侧牙槽嵴的高度降低水平明显大于延期种植组,且对于水平向骨改建方面,两组种植体中段M的差异具有统计学意义(P<0.05)。两组在术后1年的PES评分上对比,差异无统计学意义(P>0.05)。结论:即刻种植并未能阻止患者牙槽嵴生理吸收,但种植的美学效果亦较好。临床运用时应加以关注,掌握好适应证,从而获得最佳疗效。值得重视。

Objective： To study the labial bone anterior change after immediate implant and delayed implant in anterior extractionsockets. Methods： Selected 96 cases of patients who were underwent single implant operation in maxillary anterior extractionsockets in our hospital from April 2012 to April 2013 as the research objects.They were divided into immediate implant group（implanted 48 ITI） and delayed implant group 48 cases（implanted 48 ITI） according to the random number table method. Then compared the postoperative labial bone level, labial bone reconstruction condition and PES score 1 year after operation in two groups. Results：Labial bone height of immediate implant group 1 year after operation was significantly higher than immediately after operation, the difference was statistically significant（P〈0.05）. Coronal C and mesial M of ITI in two groups 1 year after operation was significantly lower than immediately after operation, the differences were statistically significant（P〈0.05）. The decreased extent of labial bone height in immediate implant group 1 year after operation was significantly greater than the delayed implant group, and the difference of mesial M of ITI in two goups 1 year after operation was statistical significant（P〈0.05）. While the PES score 1 year after operation in two groups had no significant difference（P〉0.05）. Conclusion： The immediate implant can not stop the physiological absorption of alveolar ridge, but it has a good aesthetic effect. Which is worthy of promotion when we pay attention to its indications.