护理本科学生对精神障碍患者态度的调查分析

Investigation of mental health related attitude among nursing students:description and influential factors

目的调查护理专业本科学生对精神障碍患者的态度，并初步探讨可能的影响因素及对策。方法便利选取某护理学院1—4年级护理专业本科学生188名，采用自设问卷和临床医生精神疾病态度量表（Mental Illness：Clinicians’Attitude，MICA）调查学生对精神障碍患者的态度及可能的相关因素。结果调查对象MICA量表总分为（44．98±7．51）分，有8个条目的均分大于3．0分，提示具有一定的歧视性态度；量表得分具有年级差异，高年级得分大于低年级得分，差异有统计学意义（P〈0．01）；学习过精神障碍知识者或护理过精神障碍者，量表得分均高于未学习或未护理者，差异有统计学意义（P〈0．05）。结论护理本科学生总体对精神障碍患者沟通及安全性呈现悲观态度且表现出一定的感知病耻感，高年级学生的歧视性态度相对较重。家庭环境和学校课程的正确运用可能改善歧视性态度。

Objective To investigate the mental health related stigma among nursing students and explore the possible influential factors. Methods A cross-sectional survey was conducted and a total of 188 nursing students were enrolled. A self-designed questionnaire and MICA-MS（Mental Illness：Clinicians＇ Attitude） were used to inves- tigate nursing students＇ attitude towards mentally-ill patients. Results The overall score of MICA-MS was 44.98± 7.51,and the average scores of eight items were above 3.0. Significant differences in stigmatizing attitudes were found by grade（P〈0.01）,knowledge learning and service providing（P〈0.05）. Conclusion Nursing students hold stigmatizing view towards mentally-ill patients in general and on particular items such as communication and safety, along with perceived-stigma. The stigmatizing attitude of nursing students from higher grade is worse. Family environment and well-designed mental health course is needed and it might be an effective education strategy in improving nursing students＇ attitude towards people with mental illness.