葡萄试管苗的反应器培养及其移栽过程中气孔变化

Plantlet Culture in Bioreactor and the Changes of Leave Stomata During Transplanting of Grape

以葡萄组培茎段为外植体,利用气升式生物反应器接触法培养,研究了不同蔗糖浓度对葡萄苗生长的影响,同时在栽培后调查成活率并观察气孔行为,以寻找一种简单、低成本及规模化培养优良葡萄苗的模式。结果表明：当蔗糖浓度为20g/L时苗的叶片颜色浓绿,节数多,苗和根的生长均良好。将反应器培养的葡萄苗分别移栽到蛭石和珍珠岩不同比率的移栽基质中,发现当蛭石量多时有利于葡萄苗的成活,单独使用蛭石的效果最佳,移栽30d后成活率达到100%;对反应器培养葡萄苗移栽过程中气孔进行观察,移栽后10d起部分气孔开始恢复关闭功能,14d后大部分（90%以上）气孔可以关闭,所以在对反应器葡萄苗进行移栽时,0～10d需进行保湿措施,14d以后可进行常规管理。

In order to explore a simple and low cost method for large scale production of plantlets in grape,with grape tissue cultured stem as explant,used air-lift bioreactor with raft method to study effect of sucrose concentrations on plantlet growth.Meanwhile,survival rate and stoma were observed after transplanting.The results showed that 20g/L sucrose promoted plantlet growth,the plantlets with more numbers of node,deep green leaves,and high shoot and root biomass were obtained.The plantlets harvested from bioreactors were transplanted into substrates containing different amount of vermiculite and perlite,vermiculite was favorable for plantlet survive,all plantlets survived in the substrate which contained sole vermiculite.The close function in several stomata began from 10 days after transplanted,and the most of stomata were closed after 14 days.Therefore,the plantlets from bioreactors required moisture from beginning to10 days after transplanted,and regular management was needed after 14 days after transplanted.