基于低分辨率霍尔传感器的电动汽车永磁同步电机驱动系统

Driving system of permanent magnet synchronous motor for electric vehicle based on low-resolution Hall sensor

考虑到对电动汽车永磁同步电机驱动的成本以及控制算法的复杂程度,在此研究一种基于低分辨率霍尔传感器的电动汽车永磁同步电机驱动系统。该系统采用三相对称开关型霍尔传感器进行位置估计。由于传统的基于平均速度的位置估算方法,在速度变化不大时,估算出的速度和位置值较准确,但是在电机加速、减速或者受到速度扰动时,估算出的速度和位置值就会存在较大偏差,严重影响系统的性能。因此这里使用基于平均加速度的位置估算方法,考虑当前扇区的加速度值,以减小估算误差。通过Matlab进行仿真研究,仿真结果表明,相比传统的基于平均速度的位置估算方法,基于平均加速度的位置估算方法无论是平稳运行阶段还是加速、减速阶段,系统估计速度和位置对实际速度和位置都具有较好的跟踪性能,速度超调量仅为2%。

Taking account of the cost of the traditional driving system for permanent magnet synchronous motor and com？plexity of control algorithm for electric vehicle,a new driving system based on low resolution Hall sensor is proposed for perma？nent magnet synchronous motor of electric vehicle,which uses three？phase symmetrical switch type Hall sensor to estimate posi？tion. Since the traditional position estimation method based on average velocity can not estimate the accurate velocity and posi？tion values,and even affects the system performance severely while the motor is accelerating,decelerating or influenced by speed perturbance,a position estimation method based on average acceleration is adopted in this paper to reduce the estimation error,which allows for the acceleration magnitude of the current sector. The Matlab simulation results show that,compared with the traditional estimation method based on average velocity,the new one based on average acceleration has a better tracking per？formance for the actual velocity and position,whether it is in stable operation stage,acceleration stage or deceleration stage. Its speed overshoot is only 2%.