生物饲料对凡纳滨对虾生长、免疫及消化功能的影响

Effects of Bio-feed on the growth, immune performance and digestive properties of Litopenaeus vannamei

通过8周的生产性养殖试验,研究了以生物酶解小肽、益生菌发酵植物蛋白、破壁酵母蛋白等配制的生物饲料对凡纳滨对虾生长、部分免疫酶活性及消化功能的影响。结果表明,生物饲料组平均产量为1242.5kg/ha,高于普通饲料组平均产量1180.5kg/ha,具有更优的生长性能;此外生物饲料组的对虾成活率为91.5%,高于对照组的86.2%;生物饲料的饲料系数为0.96,而普通饲料为1.01;喂养15~30 d后,生物饲料组对虾的SOD、血清总蛋白含量及溶菌活性较普通饲料组有显著提高;抑菌活性未发现显著差异。生物饲料组对虾总蛋白酶活性有显著提高;生物饲料组水体中的NH4-N、NO2-N等指标略低于普通饲料组,但两者无显著差异。

The effects of bio-feed on growth, immune resistance and digestive performance of shrimp （Litopenaeus vannamei） were studied during an 8-week experiment. The bio-feed was composed of peptides obtained from enzyme hydroly-sis, vegetableprotein obtained from effective microbefermentation and cell wall-broken yeast protein. The immune enzyme activities of haemolymphand digestive performance in hepatopancreas were detected, and the growth per-formance and environmental conditions were compared. The results showed that the average production in treat-ment groups was 1242.5 kg/ha, higher than 1180.5 kg/ha in control group; and the survival rate in treatment group was 91.5%, 5.3% higher than that in control group. The feed coefficient of bio-feed is 0.96, whereas that of standard feed is 1.01. After 15~30 days treatment, the activities of SOD and LZM and the haemolymph protein content were all higher than those in control group, while the anti-bacterial activity had no significant difference between these two groups. Challenged with Vibrio parahaemolyticus （1.03×107 CFU/mL, 200 μL/shrimp）, the survival rate of shrimp in treatment group was higher than that in control group within 24 h. In addition, the total proteaseactivity significantly increased in treatment group. The levels of NH4-N and NO2-N were lower in treatment group, but there were no significant differences.