蓝舌病的研究进展

The research progress of bluetongue disease

蓝舌病是由蓝舌病病毒以库蠓作为传播媒介引起的一种主要侵害家饲和野生反刍兽的传染病。目前,蓝舌病病毒有26个血清型分布世界各地,且型与型之间不发生交叉免疫,主要感染绵羊、山羊、牛、鹿等反刍兽,可引起不同程度的临床症状,甚至导致反刍兽死亡。检测蓝舌病病毒的方法有很多种,主要以血清学及分子生物学为主。文章综述了蓝舌病的流行分布情况、病原特性、传播媒介、发病机理与临床症状、诊断技术与疫苗等方面的研究进展。

Bluetongue is a kind of vector - borne infectious diseases that mainly affect domestic and wild ruminants, which is caused by blue- tongue virus through Culicoides biting midges. There are 26 serotypes of bluetongue virus spreading around the world, and there is no cross - im- munity between the serotypes. Bluetongue virns mainly infects sheep, goats, cattle, deer, and other ruminant animals. It can cause varying de grees of clinical symptoms, and even leads to the deaths of ruminant animals. There are many ways to detect the bluetongue virus, which are mainly composed of serology and molecular biology. This paper reviews the research processes including the prevalence and distribution of blue tongue disease, features of the pathogen, its transmission media, the pathogenesis and clinical symptoms, diagnostic techniques, vaccines, and