血液透析初期患者心理状态及护理需求的质性研究

The qualitative research on the psychological status and nursing needs of patients at the beginning of the hemodialysis

目的了解血液透析初期患者心理状态及护理需求,有针对性地提供护理服务。方法对9例血液透析初期的患者进行个体化的深入访谈,使用定性资料的内容分析法分析资料。结果血液透析初期患者对透析存在较多心理顾虑,表现为家庭生活层面、社交层面、经济层面、职业层面及医疗层面的担忧。自我心理调适方法包括分散注意力、倾诉、自我安慰及发泄。患者的心理护理需求包括透析相关知识、饮食相关知识、心理安慰、日常生活指导。结论护士应根据血液透析初期患者的心理状态及需求,为其提供有针对性的护理措施,满足患者的实际需求。

Objective To describe the psychological status and nursing needs of patients at the beginning of the hemodialysis,in order to provide the targeted nursing for them. Methods The in - depth interview was conducted on 9 patients at the beginning of the hemodialysis individually. The data were analyzed by qualitative content analysis method. Results There were five aspects about the mentality worries of patients at the beginning of the hemodialysis ： family life, society, economy, occupation and medicine. Psychological adjustment methods included distraction, pouring out the feelings to others, self - comforting and venting feelings. Nursing needs included dialysis knowledge, diet knowledge, psychological nursing and the guidance on life. Conclusion We should provide targeted nursing measures for them according to nsvchological status of oatients and their needs, thus to meet their needs.