上市医药企业专利与经营绩效的相关性研究

Patent and performance of listed pharmaceutical companies

企业拥有的专利数量和质量是企业专利实力的重要指标。其中专利质量可以用专利被引次数来衡量。采用国家知识产权局的检索系统检索并经过修正,能够获取准确的企业专利申请数量及其总被引次数。用因子分析的方法,从企业的规模实力、盈利能力等方面选择了11个指标作为定量研究的对象,综合为一个单一的指标衡量企业绩效。以我国医药制造行业上市公司为样本,对修正后的专利申请量和专利总被引次数与企业绩效的关系进行了实证研究。结果表明,3种专利类型中,发明和外观设计申请量与经营绩效存在正相关关系,而实用新型的申请量与经营绩效相关性较弱。企业专利质量与经营绩效正相关,但高水平专利对经营绩效的影响不明显。

The strength of an enterprise＇s patent activities can be estimated by the quantity and quality of patent application. The number of citation is an important patent quality indicator. Using SIPO retrieval system, the number of applications and citations of Chinese patents is obtained accurately after modification. With 11 factors like business scale and profitability, it provides a new index to evaluate the enterprise performance by factor analysis method. This paper takes Chinese pharmaceutical enterprises as samples and analyzes the relationship between patent activity and performance. The number of inventions and design applications has positive impact on the performance, while the utility model has weak relativity. The number of patent citations has positive impact on the performance, but the relativity is weak between the high level patents and performance.