耳屏软骨的解剖学研究及在耳外科手术中的临床应用

The anatomic study of tragal cartilage and its clinical application in ear surgery

目的:对成人尸头耳屏软骨进行解剖,探讨耳屏软骨在耳外科中的临床应用。方法:对22例甲醛浸泡成人尸头(男、女各11例)进行双侧耳屏软骨的解剖,测量其长度、宽度、厚度及面积,用统计学方法得出长度、宽度、厚度及面积的平均值。总结自体耳屏软骨在耳外科手术中的应用。结果:耳屏软骨的宽度、长度、厚度及面积平均值分别为:男性:长(22.55±0.89)mm,宽(19.00±1.09)mm,厚(1.04±0.09)mm,面积(315.70±32.57)mm2;女性:长(19.36±0.86)mm,宽(15.73±0.69)mm,厚(0.93±0.06)mm,面积(229.64±13.97)mm2。419例患者中耳手术使用耳屏软骨,术式分别为鼓室成形术(Ⅰ型189例,Ⅱ型和Ⅲ型116例),上鼓室开放术(65例),外耳道重建术(46例),侧颅底修复术(3例),术后效果满意。结论:耳屏软骨位于术区,易于取材、裁剪,其供体能够满足常规耳科手术需求,耳屏软骨适宜在耳外科手术中广泛应用。

Objective： Dissecting adult cadaver＇s tragal cartilage and researching its clinical application in ear surgery. Method：Dissect the bilateral tragal cartilage of 22 adult cadavers immersed in formalin （both of male and female are 11）. Measure and compute the average value of the length, width, thickness and area. Summarize autologous tragal cartilage＇s clinical application in ear surgery. Result：The statistic values of male tragal cartilage were： length （22.55 ±0.89）mm, width （19.00±1.09） ram, thickness （1.04 ±0.09）ram, and area （315.70 ± 32.57）mm^2. The statistic values of female respectively were （19.36± 0. 86）ram, （15.73 ± 0.69 ）mm, （0. 93 ±0.06）mm,and （229.64± 13.97） mm^2. Tragal cartilages were utilized in 419 middle ear surgeries in my department, including tympanoplasty（type Ⅰ 189 cases, type Ⅱ and Ⅲ 116 cases）, atticotomy（65 cases）, and the repair of the lateral skull base（3 cases）. The postoperative effect was satisfactory. Conclusion： Tragal cartilage is in the operation region, which is convenient to be harvested and shaped. Hence, the donor can satisfy the requirement of general ear surgery and it is suitable for widely application in ear surgery.