“固然”的连、副之辩——兼及连词和副词的分界问题

A Debate about the Part of Speech of Guran:Also on the Division Between Conjunction and Adverb

"固然"主要分布于主语后。尽管其经常用于转折关系复句,但也有用于其他关系复句或单句的情况,是否引起转折是由语境决定的,其固有的"确认事实"的评注性功能始终未变。"固然"的预设明显,即确认某种说法或事实的同时,认为还需要补充重要信息,因而"固然"兼有主次关联功能。但这种预设是语用预设,在特定语境中可以被取消,因而其关联功能也可以被取消。据此,"固然"是兼有关联功能的评注性副词,非专职连词。

The word guran（固然）is usually placed after the subject.Although it is often used in transitional compound sentences,there are circumstances when it is used in other types of compound sentences or in simple sentences.It is the context that decides whether guran causes a transition or not,but what remains unchanged is its inherent commentary function of＂confirmation＂.The presupposition of guranis obvious,because it is used on one hand to confirm some statement or fact and on the other to express that more important information is needed.Guran can thus serve as a conjunctive word between primary and minor information.However,this presupposition is a pragmatic one,which means it can be canceled in specific contexts.To put it differently,the conjunctive function of guran can be canceled.Everything considered,guranis a commentary adverb with conjunctive function,instead of a good conjunction.