实验性胫骨骨折愈合过程中的X线表现与骨密度、骨灰重及钙磷元素、病理学变化的相关性分析

Relevance analysis among X-ray image and bone density,ash weight,calcium and phosphorus element in the healing process of experimental tibial fracture

目的:观察实验性胫骨骨折愈合过程中,X线表现与骨密度、骨灰重及钙磷元素含量及病理变化的相关性,从而确定骨折愈合不同时期X线表现对于判定骨折愈合情况及指导临床康复治疗的意义。方法:取(250±10)g左右的大鼠60只,随机分为2组,实验组采用锯开法造成胫骨骨折模型,对照组不做任何处理。在术后2周和4周两个时间点进行采样,测试大鼠胫骨的骨密度、骨灰重,拍摄X线片以及病理切片观察,检测术后2周的钙磷含量。结果:2周时,实验组的骨密度、骨灰重均与正常组有显著性差异,钙磷元素在两组之间具有显著性差异。X线片显示实验组表现出骨折线模糊,病变端密度增高,少量骨痂形成,病理学切片显示实验组均有新生骨小梁形成。4周时,两组之间的骨密度、骨灰重均没有显著性差异,X线片显示实验组的骨痂明显,病理学切片显示骨小梁粗大,并逐步融合成板状骨。结论:骨折愈合过程中,X线表现与骨密度、骨灰重、钙磷元素、病理变化呈正相关,可以判定骨折愈合情况,并指导临床康复治疗。

Objective： To observe in experimental tibial fracture healing process, the X-ray appearance and bone density, ash weight, calcium and phosphorus element content changes, so as to determine the X-ray features at different periods of fracture healing and to guide clinical rehabilitation treatment. Methods： Sixty rats of （250-＋10）g were randomly divided into 2 groups. Sawing accident was used to cause defect in the tibial fracture model in the experimental group. Control group re- ceived no treatment. Sampling was taken 2 weeks and 4 weeks after surgery to get X-ray films and bone density, ash weight, calcium and phosphorus element. Content of calcium and phosphorus was taken 2 weeks after operation. Results： After 2 weeks, bone density and ash weight, calcium and phosphorus element content showed significant difference betwee two groups. On X-ray films, the experimental group showed fuzzy fracture line, higher density lesions in the end and a small amount of callus formation. The pathology proved new bone trabecular formation. After 4 weeks, bone density and ash weight showed no significant differences between two groups. In the experimental group, callus was obvious on X-ray film. The pathology proved the trabecular bone became bulky and gradually merged into trabular bone. Conclusion： During fracture healing process, X- ray features are positively correlated with bone density, ash weight, calcium and phosphorus element content and pathological changes, which can determine fracture healing and guide clinical rehabilitation.