基于点状数据的上海都市型工业空间格局研究

The spatial pattern of Shanghai urban industry based on point data

镶嵌于城市地域的都市型工业，有着其独特的区位特征和空间格局。基于2008年上海都市型工业微观企业数据，探讨工业郊区化背景下都市型工业空间分布、集聚特征以及行业间的空间邻近关系。研究表明：上海都市型工业企业区位选择具有中心城区与近郊区双重指向性，在距离城市中心10-20km区间都市工业分布最密集，空间分布的非均质特征明显。空间集聚以城市内各类园区（商业楼宇、都市工业园、工业园区）为主要载体，集聚格局在行业间存在一定差异。在空间邻近关系方面，各行业间呈现出基于相同要素投入、生产关联、共同市场、政策导向的邻近布局以及基于异质排他性、环境要求的弱邻近布局特征。

The urban industry is embedded in the city area which has its unique location characteristics and spatial pattern. Based on the micro- data of Shanghai urban industry enterprises in 2008, with the methods of location quotient, hot spot analysis and proximity index analysis, the paper explores the spatial distribution and the agglomeration characteristics of urban industries, as well as the spatial proximity relations among various industries during the process of industrial suburbanization. Results show that： First of all, the location choice of urban industry enterprises in Shanghai has a dual directivity to both central city and suburban areas, the range of 10-20 kilometers from city center is the densest area of urban industries,and the overall spatial distribution of urban industries has obvious heterogeneous characteristics. Food processing, packaging and printing, manufacture of tourism crafts and manufacture of small- scale electronic information constitute comparative advantage industries of central city, manufacture of interior adornment composes the comparative advantage industry of suburbs, and clothing accessories industry and manufacture of makeup and washing supplies constitute comparative advantage industries of suburban regions. Secondly, all kinds of industrial parks including commercial buildings, urban industrial zones and industrial estates in the city have become the major carrier of spatial agglomeration, which present ＂crater＂ gathering morphology. There are also some differences among the inter- industry according to the pattern of spatial agglomeration. Thirdly, when it comes to the spatial proximity relations,aside from being affected by some factors including the local government development policies, economic history basis and traffic location, the layout between all urban industries shows the following characteristics： the proximity layout is based on the same factor inputs,productive correlation, common market and policy orientation while the weak proximity layout is based on the heterogeneous exclusivity and environmental requirements.