人体微生物组的肿瘤诱导作用及机制的研究进展

Research progress on the tumor-inducing activity and mechanism of human microbiome

癌症已经成为威胁人类健康的第一杀手,约20%的癌症病因与微生物存在直接联系。这些微生物除了传统意义上的病原菌、病毒、真菌外,一向和我们和平共处的共生微生物组在细胞癌变的过程中也发挥了重要作用。阐明这些被称为人体第二基因组的口腔、肠道等微生物种群与癌症发生发展的潜在关系及微生物感染、微生物对前致癌物质的激活和对人体细胞信号转导的干扰等肿瘤诱导机制,将可能为癌症的防治提供新的靶点和思路。现就人体微生物组的肿瘤诱导作用及机制的最新进展作一综述。

Cancer has become ＂the first killer＂ to threaten human health. Up to 20% of all cases of cancer are associated with microbial infection. In addition to the common sense of pathogenic bacteria, viruses and fungi, however, human microbiome, which is called the second genome of human body and has long been thought to coexist peacefully with us, may play an important role in the process of carcinogenesis. The illumination of the potential relationship of oral and gut microbiome with cancer, and its mechanism of tumorigenesis, such as microbial infection, activation of procarcinogens and interference in human cell signaling, may provide the clues for seeking the new target and therapy of cancer. In this paper, we reviewed the latest progress of the activity and mechanism on tumorigenesis of human microbiome.