普通玉米与青贮玉米干质量积累及各器官分配规律

Dry Mass Accumulation and Distribution of Ordinary Maize and Silage Maize

研究不同类型青贮玉米品种干物质产量及其运转,探讨其产量形成特点和主要光合生理特性,旨在为专用青贮玉米高产优质栽培提供理论支持。以普通粒用型玉米‘SC-704’、无分蘖青贮玉米‘新饲玉19号’、多分蘖青贮玉米‘科多4号’3种不同类型玉米为供试材料,测定其关键生育期的干物质等相关指标,研究不同品种产量形成特点、干质量积累及其在各器官的分配规律。结果表明,干质量积累量表现为无分蘖型青贮玉米>普通粒用型玉米>分蘖型玉米;普通粒用型玉米干质量积累速率峰值出现在灌浆期,鲜质量积累速率峰值则出现在大喇叭口期。无分蘖型青贮玉米干质量与鲜质量的积累量及积累速率峰值均出现在灌浆期。分蘖型青贮玉米干质量最大积累速率出现在乳熟期;青贮玉米‘科多4号’干质量主要分配在叶片和茎秆中;普通粒用型玉米‘SC-704’干质量则主要分配在雌穗中。结果显示,无分蘖青贮玉米‘新饲玉19号’干质量积累量最高,干质量在各器官中的分配表现为雌穗>茎秆>叶片>苞叶>叶鞘。

To study the dry mass production and operation of different kind of silage maize and ordinary maize, and inquire into formation characteristics of maize yield and the physiological characteristics of main photosynthetic characteristics,to the purpose of the study was to provide theoretical support for high quality cultivation in special silage maize. The results showed that the dry mass accumulation of different corn was non-tillering silage maize〉normal maize〉tillering silage maize. Dry mass accumulation reached it peak at the milk stage. Fresh mass of ordinary maize reached its peak at boll bottom stage. The dry mass accumulation and fresh mass of non-tillering silage maize reached its peak at the milk stage. Dry mass accumulation of tillering silage corn reached its peak at the milk stage. The dry mass accumulation of ‘Xinsiyu 19 ’was the highest,dry mass distribution in organs was as follows ear〉stem〉leaf〉husk〉 sheath.