乌桕在美国的引种适应性综述

A Review of the Introduction of Triadica sebifera in the USA

约200年前乌桕被引入美国后,迅速适应并入侵美国南部地区。本文对乌桕在美国的分布、进化特性和研究概况进行了综述。与中国原产地乌桕种群相比,美国乌桕纬度分布范围和中国相似,生长速度快,繁殖能力强,抗逆性强,表现出很强的竞争能力。美国对乌桕的科研更多地关注在入侵机理和生物修复方面,乌桕成功入侵美国可能是由于资源在防御和生长发育之间的权衡。

Chinese tallow tree （Triadica sebifera） was introduced into the USA in 1772. This tree species hadgood capacity for adapting the environment there, and then spread to South America quickly. The paper describedits distribution, biological traits and some scientific research resuhs of tallow tree in the USA. Compare with the o-riginal species, this invasive ones had higher growth rate, stronger reproductive capacity, and good tolerance andresistance for environment. Special attention was paid on the mechanism of its invasion and bioremediation in sci-entific research of tallow tree.