形式、功能与认知:建筑绿化在绿色建筑与生态城市中的角色

Form, function and cognition: A review of the role of building Integrated vegetation in green building and ecological city

在当代城市高密度发展条件下,生态城市、可持续发展、绿色建筑等语义背景下,建筑绿化提供了将人工建成环境与自然环境相结合的契机,是近年来发展迅速的一个领域.城市绿化设施,包括城市公园、街道种植、绿色走廊、建筑绿化、私人花园等,被认为对于改善城市环境、维持城市生态系统、净化城市土壤、空气质量等均具有至关重要的作用.作为城市绿化设施的组成部分,建筑绿化在城市环境中扮演何种角色,与其他绿化设施类型是否具有同等的价值?近期的一些研究和文献综述强调了建筑绿化对于建筑单体热工性能改善或建筑美学价值,较少有研究从城市角度综合评估建筑绿化的贡献;目前国内的建筑实践也极少有从城市规划层面对建筑绿化进行设计.本文通过文献回顾近年来建筑绿化领域的相关研究成果,以科学的证据来理解建筑绿化在城市内不同尺度下扮演的角色,包括它对于绿色建筑本身的意义以及在生态城市环境、社会和经济方面的特征与贡献.依据文献线索,构建了建筑绿化的类型、功能与生态城市要素,以及相互关系和作用的跨学科概念性框架,并提出未来在此领域的研究和实践方向.

Under the conditions of high-density developing contemporary urban, in the contexof eco-city, sustainable development and green building, building Integrated vegetation （BIV） provides an opportunitycombining the artificialbuilt environment and the natural environment. It is a rapidly developing subject in recent years. Urban green infrastructure, including parks, street trees, green corridors, BIV, private gardensand so on, has been believed to be important in improving urban environment, maintaining urban ecological system, purification of city water and air, etc. As a part of urban green infrastructure, what exactly the role of BIV in urban environment？ Does it hold equal value as the others. Some recent studies and reviews have highlighted the positive role of BIV in improving thermal performance or aesthetic value of single building. Few research has performedcomprehensive assessment of BIV contribute to entire city and few current architecture practice has designed BIV from the aspect of urban planning. Through review of recent research in the area of BIV, our study try to understand the role of BIV in different scale of city with scientific evidence, including its meaning to green building and its characteristics and contributions to the environment, economic and social of entire ecological city. Based on the literature clues, a conceptual framework of relationships of types of BIV, its functions and elements of ecological city is presented. With that, directions for future research and practice in this area are proposed.