亚里士多德的公民教育论

On Aristotle's Thought of Citizenship Education

为了缓和城邦内的矛盾,提升公民素质,亚里士多德主张对公民实施德化教育。他认为,公民品格的提升与城邦发展相辅相成;本质说、灵魂论及目的论是公民教育的理论基础,法律、政体和社会原则,是实施公民教育的基本保障;公民教育要分阶段进行,但是其实施越早越好,甚至可以提早到胎儿时期。青少年时期是实施公民教育的关键期,体格教育、品格教育和实用教育三者互为基础,共同作用于公民教育的过程中。亚里士多德的公民教育思想尽管有不完美之处,但瑕不掩瑜,留给后世无尽的智慧宝藏。

Aristotle advocated that the moral education for citizens is the way to appease conflicts in the polity and improve quality of citizens. The improvement of moral character of citizens is comple- mentary to the polity. He formed his citizenship education based on essence theory, thought on soul and teleology. Also there are three principles--the principle of law, the principle of polity and the principle of society--to ensure the performance of citizenship education. The citizen education, can be carried out periodically, the earlier the better, even from the fetal period. Then, the adolescent period is the best time. Physical eduhation, moral education and practical education supported with each oth- er, mutually functioning the implement of citizenship education. However, Aristotle＇s citizenship ed- ucation had some limitations, its impact to the world education made him pro--found educationalist.