组织工程气管替代治疗的临床转化研究进展

Research progress of clinical translating tissue-engineered tracheal replacement

气管疾病可由多种病因引起并具有显著临床症状,治疗包括外科手术治疗乃至整个器官重建。组织工程主要通过细胞或组织修复,从而进行组织再生或替代,有望成为气管替代治疗的新途径。组织工程成功的关键因素包括天然或合成支架;自体或异体细胞;模拟(体内或体外)生理环境的生物反应器;通过分子生物或药物干预进行特定组织保护。该文旨在综述组织工程气管构建的研究现状及临床替代治疗的新进展。

Objective There are a variety of trachea diseases with different clinical settings, which may extend from a surgical approach to total organ replacement. Tissue engineering involves modifying cells or tissues in order to repair, regenerate, or replace tissues in the body, which seems to be a promising approach for tracheareplacement. It has now become evident that the key factors for successful clinical tissue engineering include a scaffold or matrix of natural or synthetic origin, autologous or allogeneic cells, a bioreaetor to mimic the physiologic environment （in vitro or in vivo）, as well as sitespecific tissue protection by means of biomoleeule/pharmacologie intervention. This review elaborates on the essential components of the tissue-engineering approach, and discusses the progress of the revolutionary trachea clinical transplantation.