目的国市场收入分配与出口产品质量——基于中国企业层面的实证检验

Income Distribution of Destination Markets and Quality of Export Products: An Empirical Analysis Based on China's Enterprises

通过理论模型分析了出口目的国市场收入分配对企业出口产品质量升级的影响,在此基础上,利用工业企业与中国海关的匹配数据,在控制目的国市场规模和企业层面特征的情形下,对理论模型的结论进行了检验。结果表明,目的国收入不平等性程度的提高会使得该国整体的质量偏好程度下降,这一方面会抑制企业出口产品的质量升级,另一方面也会使得企业选择性地向该国出口低质量产品。分样本检验的结论表明,与发达经济体相比,对于经济发展水平较低的发展中国家而言,国内收入不平等性的提高会显著阻碍向该国出口的产品的质量升级,最终使得收入不平等程度较高的发展中国家国内市场充斥着大量低质量的产品。

This paper analyzes the impact of the income distribution of destination markets on the quality upgrading of export products based on a theoretical model. On the basis of this, it makes use of the matched data of industrial？enterprises and Chinese customs to test the conclusions of the theo- retical model under the conditions of controlling the market size of the destination country and the enterprise-level？features. The results show that the rise of the degree of income inequality in the des- tination country will reduce the degree of quality preference of the whole country, thus on the one hand the quality upgrading of the export product will be hindered, and on the other hand the enter- prises will selectively export low-quality products to the country. The results of the sample tests show that compared with the advanced economies, the rise of the domestic income inequality will signifi- cantly hinder the quality upgrading of the products exported to the country as far as the developing countries with lower economic development levels are concerned. Ultimately a large number of low quality products will flood in the domestic markets of the developing countries with high degree of income inequality.