彩色多普勒超声在婴幼儿甲状腺功能减退症治疗前后的意义

Value of color doppler ultrasound in diagnosis of infants with hypothyroidism

目的 探讨婴幼儿期（0-3岁）甲状腺功能减退症患儿治疗前后彩色多普勒超声检查的意义。方法 甲状腺功能正常的婴幼儿作为对照组,二维及彩色多普勒超声检查其甲状腺;临床确诊的暂时性及永久性甲状腺功能减退症的婴幼儿作为观察组,在治疗前新生儿期及治疗后幼儿期分别多次行超声检查,观察不同时期甲状腺发育情况并相互对比。结果 治疗前暂时性甲状腺功能减退症患儿超声检查主要以甲状腺缩小为主,治疗后复查可发现大多数甲状腺增大,少数缩小的甲状腺可恢复正常测值;治疗前永久性甲状腺功能减退症患儿主要表现为甲状腺缺如,其次是甲状腺缩小,治疗后甲状腺发育情况仍以缺如为主,仅极少数能恢复正常测值。结论 彩色多普勒超声检查可间接反映本地区婴幼儿甲状腺发育情况,加上其无创伤性、重复性高等优势,可用作临床诊断婴幼儿甲状腺功能减退症的重要辅助检查方法。

Objective To explore the value of color doppler ultrasound in infants with hypothyroidism between 0to 3years old before and after treatment.Methods The normal infants,whose thyroids were examined by two-dimensional ultrasound and were used by color doppler ultrasound,were used as control group.The clinically diagnosed infants with transient hyperthyroidism or permanent hyperthyroidism were used as experimental group.The thyroids were examined by multiple ultrasonography before and after the treatment respectively in different periods.The measured values of thyroids were compared each other.Results In infants with transient hyperthyroidism,the major ultrasonographic findings were atrophy of thyroids before the treatment.Most of these thyroids enlarged,and a small part of them recovered after the treatment.In infants with permanent hyperthyroidism,the primary finding was thyroid agenesis,and followed by atrophied before the treatment.The thyroid agenesis exist in most cases and few cases recover with normal values after the treatment.Conclusion Color doppler ultrasound can indirectly reflect the thyroid development situation in infants.Combined with the advantages of non traumatic and high repeatability,it can be used as an important auxiliary examination method for clinical diagnosis of hypothyroidism in infants.