超宽带折线型TEM喇叭天线实验研究

Experimental research of ultra-wideband curving TEM horn antenna

基于功率容量和口径匹配的考虑,设计了一种超宽带折线型TEM喇叭天线。相比传统恒阻抗TEM喇叭,主要改进在于采用了同轴到平板过渡的馈入结构,辐射极板改为两段折线形式。通过理论模拟和实验研究对两种天线的输入、辐射特性进行了比较和分析。结果表明:采用960ps宽度的高斯脉冲激励,同轴平板过渡峰值功率传输效率达到85%;相比于恒阻抗喇叭,折线TEM喇叭辐射峰值电场提高30%,H面方向图主瓣宽度由80°压缩至60°,同时改善了700 MHz频带内的传输辐射特性,瞬态脉冲峰值功率容量达到15GW。

In this paper,we introduce a ultra-wideband curving TEM horn,the considerations in product design are mainly power capacity and caliber match.Comparing the ultra-wideband curving TEM horn with the classical invariational-impedance TEM horn,the main structure improvements are coaxial-to-plane converter and curving radiation-plate.The input and radiation characteristics of this two antennas are analyzed.Results are as follows:when the antenna is excited by Gaussian pulse with a pulse width of 960 ps,the peak-power transmission efficiency of the coaxial-to-plane converter is 85%.Compared with the invariational-impedance TEM horn,the curving TEM horn has 30%increase at peak-peak electric field radiation,its H-plane directivity diagram is compressed from 80°to 60°,furthermore,the transmission and radiation characteristics are improved within 700 MHz,the transient peak-power-capability of the pulse reaches 15 GW.This curving TEM horn is used successfully in the high-powermicrowave radiation system of ultra-wideband.