论中国的行政强制执行模式

On China's Enforcement of Administrative Compulsion Mode

1989年中国《行政诉讼法》确认了行政强制执行双轨制模式,并在2000年的《行政诉讼法解释》、《行政强制法》以及新《行政诉讼法》中得到延续。然而,双轨制行政强制执行模式引发了行政与司法的混乱、行政效率降低等一系列不容忽视的问题。从理论和实践角度来看,在明确行政强制执行的内涵、认清其性质的基础上,有必要对其进行改革。构建"以行政机关自行强制执行为原则、以申请人民法院为例外"的执行模式,同时在行政主体内部设立独立的行政强制执行审查决策机构对行政强制执行权进行规制,以保护相对人的合法权益,是有效且可行的方案。

The Administrative Procedure Law in 1989 confirmed the administrative compulsory execution of double-track mode in China, and it is retained in the law and judicial interpretation.However, the double-track enforcement model has triggered a series of serious problems such as administrative and judicial confusion, reduction of administrative efficiency and so on.From the viewpoint of theory and practice, it is imperative to reform and improve the administrative enforcement on the basis of clearing its connotation and its nature.A new compulsory execution mode should be set up, which is based on principles of enforced by the administrative authority and to apply to the people’s court for compulsory execution as an exception so as to protect the administrative counterpart, and setting up the independent review and decision-making body to check and balance the administrative execution is necessary.