深圳居民咀嚼槟榔行为及其相关因素研究

Study on behavior of betel quid chewing and its related factors among Shenzhen residents

目的了解深圳市居民咀嚼槟榔行为现状及其影响因素。方法2014年11月至2015年4月采用自行设计问卷。对深圳市居民进行匿名问卷调查，并对调查者进行咀嚼槟榔危害的健康教育。结果共1260人参加调查，有效问卷为1228份。槟榔咀嚼率为11．81％（145／1228），其中男性[17．80％（115／646）]高于女性[5．15％（30／582）]，差异有统计学意义（P〈0．05）。槟榔咀嚼者多数伴有吸烟饮酒（OR=8．741，95％CI：5．476～13．952，P〈0．05）。从事司机、服务行业的人群、受教育年限在12年以下、周围亲戚或朋友有咀嚼槟榔习惯的人群咀嚼率较高，差异有统计学意义（P〈0．05）。结论深圳市有庞大人群咀嚼槟榔．应开展咀嚼槟榔危害健康的教育。减少咀嚼行为。

Objective To study the current situation of chewing betel quid among Shenzhen residents and its influencing factors. Methods A self-designed questionnaire was used to perform the anonymity questionnaire investigation among Shenzhen residents and the health education of chewing betel quid hazard was carried out on the respondents. Results 1 260 residents par- ticipated in the questionnaire investigation with 1 228 effective questionnaires. The prevalence of betel quid chewing among the respondents was 11.81% （ 145/1 228）, among them, males was higher than females[17.80% （115/646） vs. 5.15% （30/582） ,P〈0.05], the difference was statistically significant （P〈0.05）. Most of betel quid chewers were accompanied by smoking and drinking （OR= 8.741,95% CI：5.476-13.952,P〈0.05）. Driver,service industrial workers,crowds with the education year less than l2 years, friends or relatives around with betel chewing habit had higher betel quid chewing rate, the difference was statistically significant （/〉〈0.05）. Conclusion Shenzhen has large crowd with chewing betel quid. The health education of betel quid chewing hazard should be carried out for reducing chewing betel quid behavior.