摘要
用PGI—ELISA对麻风家内接触者(HC)追踪观察三年,76名第一次为可疑者中第三年复查转阴性40名(52.6％),转阳性(+)33名(43.4％);75名原为阳性者中转为可疑的12名,转阴性33名(44.0％),阳性程度升高的(++)5名(6.7％),后两者有非常显著的差异(p<0.001);原3名阳性(++)者无一名转阴。这显示(±)与(+)者均为转阴多于阳转,而ELISA OD值的变化与所接触的病型和病情无明显的相关性,而是与机体免疫功能相关。 97名第一次PGI—ELISA阳性者中,有一人于第二年15岁出现症状,诊断为BT型麻风,病期仅二个月,显示用ELISA追踪观察HC可发现早期病人。作者认为,三年以后的结果还会有变化,今后做麻风亚感研究要注意青少年中的麻风接触者。三年后复查第一次PGI—ELISA为阳性的19人,发现浅神经粗大者3例,皮肤中查到AFB的6例,外周血液中有AFB的3例;同时用PGI、ML和Ms三种抗原做ELISA,结果被检查血液中均存在抗AFB抗体,说明查到的是ML,但作者强调在HC中查到AFB国内尚属首次,因正常皮肤也常带有非典型AFB,故在出现症状之前,对此做出结论宜慎重,并希望扩大样本进行验证。
The household contacts of leprosy patients have been followed over three years with PGJ—ELISA. At the beginning, there were 76 persons with suspected positivity, 75 with positivity, and three with strong positivity. When re—examined at the third year, among the 76 cases with suspected positivity, 40 case have become negative (52.6％) and 33 become positive(43.4％), among the 75 cases with positivity, 12 have become suspectable, 33 negative (44％) and five cases have increased the degree of positivity (6.7％), and among the five cases with stronger positivity there was not any case turned negative. In those who had been positive at the beginning, one person was diagnosed as BT leprosy in the second year when he was 15 years old. It seems that the follow—up of the household contacts with PGI—ELISA could contribute to finding patients with early leprosy.
