汉川农村学龄儿童伤害现况及危险因素分析

Incidence and risk factors of injury among rural school-age children in Hanchuan city

目的了解湖北省汉川市农村学龄儿童伤害状况和危险因素，为制定相应预防和干预策略提供依据。方法分层整群随机抽取汉川市4所农村中小学3～5年级和7—8年级的所有儿童共1828人作为调查对象，自行设计问卷对伤害状况进行调查。结果汉川市农村中小学生伤害发生率为20．13％，伤害类型以意外跌落（42．93％）为主，伤害地点以家中（33．15％）、道路（27．45％）、学校（18．48％）较多，伤害部位以四肢最多见（75．27％），伤害时间以5-7月高发；多因素logistic回归分析筛选出危险因素为男性、身体状况很差、曾有意外伤害史、偶尔参与打架和家或周围有养动物，保护因素为年龄12～13岁、看护人年龄≤30岁、不照看小孩。结论汉川市农村学龄儿童伤害发生率较高，伤害的发生不仅与儿童自身和家庭因素有关，还与其生活社交状况、周围环境因素有密切联系。

Objective To investigate the incidence and risk factors of injury among rural school-age children in Hanchuan city in Hubei province and to provide a basis for making intervention measures. Methods Totally 1 828school children of grade 3 - 5 in primary schools and grade 7 - 8 in secondary schools were selected by using stratified cluster random sampling and surveyed with a self-designed questionnaire. Results The incidence of injury among the children was 20. 1%. Falling down （42. 93 % ） was the most common type of injuries. Home （ 33. 15 % ）, road （ 27.45 % ）, and school（ 18.1%, ） were the top three places of the injury events. The limbs were the most common position of the injuries（75.27% ）. May,June and July were the top three months with the higher injury incidence. Multivariate logistic regression analyses revealed that major risk factors for the injuries were male gender,with poor physical condition,having injury history, with the history of involved in fight, and with pet animals at home or in neighborhood environment, whereas the protective factors were at the age of 12 -13 years, with a caregiver aged ≤ 30 years, and with a caregiver not taking the care of small children. Conclusion The incidence of injury among rural school-age children in Hanchuan city was high. The injury incidence was related not only with the children themselves and their family, but also with their social living status and surrounding environment.