海德格尔对“存在”意义统一性问题的生存论解释

Heidegger's Existential Interpretation of the Unified Sense of Being

在试图将亚里士多德所说的"存在"的四种含义加以统一的过程中,海德格尔逐渐认识到,或许只有"真理"意义上的存在(是)才是"存在(是)"的基本含义。而这也正是在对亚里士多德的现象学解读中,海德格尔对真理问题给予了特别关注的原因。这种关注使真理、"实际生命"(此在)、存在者自身的显现(即存在者之存在)三者之间密不可分的关系逐渐显现出来。对于海德格尔来说,此在及其逻各斯具有不同于世界上的现成之物的存在方式,它是在与存在者打交道的过程中对所遇到的存在者的存在起显示或揭示作用的存在者。这就是说,如果"存在"有某种统一意义的话,那么这种意义就在于"存在者的存在在此在中并通过此在的明察显现",换言之,不同存在者的存在意义的统一性在于它们都是在此在的生存着的理解中显示它们的存在的。

In the process of trying to unify the fourfold senses of Being,Heidegger realized step by step that the basic meaning of Being may be that in the sense of truth.For this reason,he paid special attention to the problem of truth in his phenomenological interpretation of Aristotle＇s practical philosophy,with the result that the relationship between truth,Dasein and the manifestation of Beings became clear.For Heidegger,the mode of being of Dasein or its logos is distinguished from that of other entities in its role to disclose the Being of Beings.In other words,the unified sense of Being is based on the fact that the Being of all kinds of Being is grasped in the existential understanding of Dasein.