强制医疗程序的适用对象

Applicable Objects of the Procedures for Involuntary Medical Treatment

强制医疗程序是刑法规范的诉讼法表述,强制医疗程序适用的案件对象是危害公共安全或者严重危害公民人身安全的案件,适用的行为人对象是实施了暴力侵害行为且有继续实施暴力侵害行为可能而不具有刑事责任能力的精神病人,精神病鉴定是强制医疗程序适用的前置性条件,强制医疗程序的启动机关是人民检察院,是否对实施暴力侵害行为的精神病人实施强制医疗的决定机关是人民法院。判断实施暴力行为的精神病人是否应当适用强制医疗措施的内容是行为人是否有继续实施暴力侵害行为的可能性,判断依据包括社区/村民委员会对于行为人既往表现的详细材料,精神病鉴定机构和专业人士对行为人精神病类型的评价,行为人实施危害行为后的表现状态,以及行为人是否接受对其实施强制医疗审查的表现情况。现行强制医疗程序是兼顾保留公民权利行使空间、限制公权力、保障公众权利三种利益的选择结果。

The procedures for involuntary medical treatment are criminal norms expressed in the new criminal procedural law, which are applicable to the cases of compromising public security or seriously endangering the personal safety of citizens, as well as the mental patients exempted from criminal responsibility even if they have committed violent behaviors or may continue the violent behaviors. Psychiatric assessment is the prerequisite to applying the procedures for involuntary medical treatment, a people＇s procuratorate shall file an application for starting the procedures and it＇s the duty of a people＇s court to make the involuntary medical treatment decision. The key to determine whether a mental patient shall be subject to involuntary medical treatment relies on whether the patient may continue the violent behaviors and endanger the society, and the decision shall be made by referring to the information materials provided by the community or the villagers＇ committee, the disease types assessment made by professional institutes or experts, the offender＇s behaviors after committing a serious offense and whether the offender accepts the examination for involuntary medical treatment. The procedures for involuntary medical treatment currently implemented are selective results after taking into account the reserved exercising space of citizen rights, limiting public authority and protecting the public interests.