西部地区黑社会性质组织首领的基本构成与行为特征——基于129个黑社会性质组织首领的调查分析

Basic Structure and Behavior Characteristics of the Leaders of the Organizations in the Nature of Criminal Syndicate in Western Areas ——Based on a Survey of 129 Leaders of the Organizations in the Nature of Criminal Syndicate

本文利用重庆、贵州、四川、云南、陕西、新疆、甘肃等西部省区(市)涉黑组织的调查数据,旨在客观考察和审视西部黑社会性质组织首领这一特定人群的基本构成及特点、角色行为及特征,并由此引导人们深度认识黑社会性质组织的生成、演化、危害、治理等一系列问题。调研发现,从构成上看,西部地区黑社会性质组织首领呈现出"男性为绝对主体"、"年龄结构偏轻"、"汉族人口为主体"、"文化程度较低"、"职业层次极低"的群体特点;从行为上看,呈现出"犯罪前科比例高"、"自保行为力度大"、"掌权行为时间长"的角色特征。要从根本上削除或拨掉这一社会毒瘤,必须结合黑社会性质组织及内部关系(如首领、骨干、成员等)的基本形态及特征,以寻求强力、长效的治理对策与思路。

Based on the survey data from western areas including Chongqing, Guizhou, Sichuan, Yunnan, Shaanxi, Xinjiang, Gansu, this paper aims to objectively investigate and examine the basic structure, characteristics, role behaviors and features of the leaders of the organizations in the nature of criminal syndicate, as well as guide people to a deep understanding of the problems such as the emergence, evolution, harm, control of the organizations in the nature of criminal syndicate. The research reveals that, the leaders＇ characteristics in structure include ＂the majority are men and Han people＂, ＂younger age＂, ＂lower education level＂, and ＂ inferior occupation ＂. Behaviorally, the role characteristics of the leaders include ＂high proportion of criminal record＂ ＂skilled at self-prevention ＂ and ＂excising long-term power ＂. In order to eradicate this social tumor from the root, it＇s imperative to seek for long-term and effective countermeasures and ideas by taking into account the basic forms and features of the organizations in the nature of criminal syndicate as well as their internal relations（the leaders, the backbone members and other members）.