锁定钢板外置与单臂一体式外固定支架固定骨折的生物力学研究

Biomechanical research on the fixation of fractures by external locking plate and external fixator

目的通过对锁定钢板(LCP)外置与外固定支架固定骨折的生物力学的研究分析,为临床应用LCP外置固定治疗提供理论依据。方法选择不同长度的牛小腿骨(胫骨20条形成骨折标本并随机分成两组),分别采用LCP外置固定和外固定支架固,观察标本在不同的载荷下承受的轴向压缩、扭转和弯曲作用下变化情况。结果两组在100、200、300、400、500、600、700N载荷轴向压缩值比较差异均有统计学意义(<0.05),且随着载荷越大则轴向压缩值差距越大。两组在4、6、8、10、12、14N.cm扭转角度比较差异均有统计学意义(<0.05),且随着载荷越大则扭转角度值差距越大。两组在50、100、150、200、250、300 N载荷弯曲位移值比较差异均有统计学意义(<0.05),且随着载荷越大则弯曲位移值差距越大。结论 LCP外置固定骨折在轴向压缩、扭转和弯曲等生物力学方面优于外固定支架,其在临床治疗开放性骨折方面有着潜在的应用价值。

Objective This thesis is targeted to provide theoretical basis for the clinical application of extemal fixation with the LCP through the biomechanical study on the external fixation of the LCP and external fixation of the fracture. Methods By selecting 20 different length of bovine shinbones randomly divided into two groups to form fracture specim- ens, we adopted the external fixation of the LCP and external fixation respectively, to observe the specimens ＇ pressure changes when bearing different loads of axial compression, torsion and flexure. Results The comparative differences of axial compression value under 100,200,300,400,500,600,700N loading; twisting angle of 4,6,8,10,12,14N.cm, as well as bending displacement value under loads of 50,100,150,200,250,300N all posted statistical significance （P〈0.05） be- tween the two groups; fitrthermore, the gap of axial compression, twisting angle value and bending displacement value became bigger as the loads were getting bigger. Conclusion The external fixation of fracture by LCP is superior to external fixator from the biomechanical aspects ofaxial compression, torsion and flexure. It has potential application value for cli- nical treatment on open fracture.