胜利油田采油污水综合特征及利用评价

CHARACTERIZATION AND INTEGRATED UTILIZATION OF WASTEWATER FROM OIL PRODUCTION STATIONS IN SHENGLI OIL FIELDS

胜利油田作为我国石油的重要赋存区,其地热资源也相当丰富。在节能减排的背景下,采油产生的污水由于其相对较高的温度,除了用于回注开采层提高石油采收率,还能用于供暖、洗浴等。通过采集胜利油田济阳坳陷探区19个典型采油联合站分离出的采油污水,分析其水化学组分和微量元素,总结了采油污水的基本水化学特征以及腐蚀性和结垢性趋势。研究结果表明,本次采集的采油污水属于咸水-卤水,矿化度最高可达59.7g·L-1,其中锂和锶的含量达到了作为矿水的要求。综合腐蚀性系数和拉申指数评价方法得出采油污水属于强腐蚀性水。结垢性评价结果表明,这些采油污水不会形成碳酸钙垢,也不具备二氧化硅的结垢条件,仅滨南和河口采油厂采油污水有硫酸钙结垢的可能性,综合利用前需要及时预防和处理。采油污水可以用于开采层回注、供暖、洗浴、温室大棚和水产养殖等,一方面可以减少环境污染,另一方面还能改善能源结构,具有良好的社会和经济效益。在综合利用采油污水时,需要考虑其腐蚀性和结垢性,选择合适的预处理方式及管道。

Shengli oil fields are one of the most important petroleum occurring areas. Its geothermal resources are abundant. With the background of energy saving,wastewater from petroleum producing is of relatively hightemperature. It can be used for water flooding,space heating and bathing. Wastewater samples from 19 typical oil production stations of seven oil factories in Shengli oil fields are obtained. Water chemical compositions are analyzed by ion chromatography. Scaling tendency & corrosion of wastewater are also discussed. Results show that the p H of wastewater is 6.8-8.0 and the average is 7.4. It is saline water-brine with TDS ranging from 6.0g·L-1to 59.7g·L-1.The wastewater is rich in Li,Mn,Cr,Ni,Cu,Zn and Sr. The microelements of Li and Sr are in particular rich. Itsaverage concentrations are 1mg·L-1and 70. 5mg·L-1,which satisfy the mineral water requirement but cannot be used for minerals exploitation. Corrosive efficiency factor,larson and reruo method are used to assess the corrosion of wastewater. Results indicate that the wastewater is strongly corrosive, which is caused by chloride ion.Carbonate,sulfate and silicate scale are assessed using references from GB-T-11615-2010. The results indicate that carbonate and silicate scale won't occur while sulfate scale would form in wastewater from Binnan and Hekou oil production plant and pretreatment should be done before integrated utilization. Based on suggestions from published papers on wastewater utilization and local requirement,it can be used for water flooding,space heating,bathing,hothouse and aquaculture,which can mitigate environmental pollution and improve energy structure,showing favorable social and economic benefits. When using the wastewater,its corrosion and scaling tendency must be considered and choose proper pretreatment and pipeline.