从明朝边防形势看王阳明的“北防南化”思想及实践

A Study of Wang Yangming's View on and Practice of“Defending in North and Enlightening in South”Based on the Border Situation in the Ming Dynasty

明朝中后期,内政变乱,边务松弛,导致北方蒙古军事势力屡屡南下,西南诸夷叛服不常,邻近的交趾、缅甸诸国骚扰边防,成了明廷边防之急务。面对如此局面,王阳明就北部防御提出了"筹边八策",在南方反对轻率实施"改土归流",力举"教化"诸策,为明朝后期边防稳定做出了积极贡献。

During the mid-and late Ming Dynasty, its internal affairs became unsteady and military affairs on the frontier slackened, resulting in that the Mongolian military forces in the north invaded repeatedly southward. The minorities in the southwest rebelled time and again. Some neighboring countries such as Cochin and Myanmar often harassed the Ming border. These became urgent issues to the Ming court. Facing this situation, Wang Yangming proposed ＂eight policies for border defense＂ in the north; while in the south, he opposed reckless implementation of the ＂Chieftain＂ and powered move, but supported ＂enlightenment＂ policy. His view and practices made a positive contribution to the border stability in the late Ming Dynasty.