木构古建安全现状评估方法研究综述

Methods for evaluation of structural safety status of Chinese ancient wooden buildings

古建筑木结构在长时间荷载作用下,由于材性缺陷原因,不可避免地产生残损,影响结构安全性能。为探讨古建筑木结构安全现状的有效方法,采取综述方法,对现有评估方法进行了分类汇总,指出其优缺点,提出了改进建议。结果表明:现存古建筑安全现状的评估方法较多,如目测、尺量法,无损检测法,三维激光扫描法、理论分析法、脉动测试法及结构试验法等。上述方法单独运用时,不能较全面地解决古建筑安全评估问题。各个评估方法之间,尚未建立必然的联系。对以上评估方法进行合理组合时,可望实现对古建筑木结构安全现状的有效评估。

Due to property deficiency of wood material,Chinese ancient wooden buildings are easy to be damaged under long time loads,which affect the safety of the structures. To find out an effective method to evaluate structural safety status of Chinese ancient wooden buildings,the present evaluation methods were summed up and discussed. Virtues as well as deficiencies of the methods were pointed out,based on which evaluation suggests were proposed. Results show that many evaluation methods for structural safety status of Chinese ancient buildings have appeared,such as observation,measurement,nondestructive examination,3D laser scanning,theoretical analysis,pulse test,model experiment and so on. No necessary association has been built among the methods,thus the evaluation result is limited. The author suggests that reasonable combination of the methods above may produce perfect evaluation results for structural safety status of Chinese ancient wooden buildings.