不孕妇女生殖道感染病原学研究

Etiology of genital tract infections in infertile women

目的探究不孕妇女生殖道感染病原体分布,为合理运用抗菌药物提供依据。方法选取2012年1月-2014年12月医院收治的100例不孕妇女作为观察组,并选取同期100名健康妊娠妇女作为对照组,对所有研究对象的阴道和宫颈分泌物进行有关病原体的实验室检查。结果观察组中检出细菌16株、支原体属48株,检出率分别为16.0%、48.0%,对照组中分别检出13、28株,检出率为13.0%、28.0%,差异有统计学意义（P〈0.05）;生殖道清洁度Ⅲ～Ⅳ度分布率观察组与对照组比较,差异无统计学意义,观察组pH〉4.5分布率为51.0%,高于对照组的37.0%,差异有统计学意义（P〈0.05）;解脲脲支原体对米诺环素和多西环素的敏感率〉90.0%,对喹诺酮类药物敏感率〈40.0%。结论造成妇女不孕的原因主要为支原体属感染和细菌性阴道病病原菌,应当加强对女性生殖道的检测,并合理使用抗菌药物。

OBJECTIVE To explore the distribution of pathogens causing genital tract infections in the infertile women so as to provide guidancefor reasonable use of antibiotics .METHODS Totally 100 infertile women who were treated in the hospital from Jan 2012 to Dec 2014 were assigned as the observation group ,meanwhile ,100 healthy pregnant women were chosen as the control group .The vaginal and cervical secretions obtained from all the study objects were cultured for pathogens .RESULTS A total of 16 strains of bacteria and 48 strains of Mycoplasmaspp were isolated in the observation group ,and the isolation rates were 16 .0% and 48 .0% ,respectively ;totally 13 strains of bacteria and 18 strains of Mycoplasma spp were isolated in the control group ,and the isolation rates were 13 .0% and 28 .0% ,respectively .There was no significant difference in the distribution of genital tract cleanliness Ⅲ‐Ⅳ between the observation group and the control group .The proportion of the study objects with the pH value more than 4 .5 was 51 .0% in the observation group ,significantly higher than 37 .0% in the control group （P〈0 .05） .The drug susceptibility rates of Ureaplasma urealyticum to minocycline and doxycycline were more than 90 .0% ,while the drug susceptibility rate to quinolones was less than 40 .0% .CONCLUSION The My‐coplasma infection and bacterial vaginosis are the leading causes of infertility of the women .It is necessary to strengthen the genital tract examination for the women and reasonably use antibiotics .