民国时期中小学教师的考核制度

The Primary and Secondary School Teachers' Appraisal System in the Period of Republic of China

特定的历史文化背景是南京国民政府时期中小学教师考核制度产生和发展的基础和条件。这一时期的有关中小学教师考核的制度规定由政府或教育主管部门颁布,侧重教学业绩、力求"技能"与"能力"的全面关注、注重内在品行、关注专业发展,主要由学校采用观察的方法进行考核,考核结果成为对中小学教师奖惩的重要依据。通过对这一时期中小学教师考核制度的反思,启示我们在当前的中小学教师考核制度的发展中,应构建完备的考核制度体系,实现"管教评"的分离。

The specific historic background is the basis and conditions for the emergence and development of primary and secondary school teachers' appraisal system in the period of Republic of China.The appraisal system of primary and secondary school teachers in this period was promulgated by the government or the educational administrative department,focusing on the teaching performance,on 'skill' and 'ability',and on the inner character and professional development,which was mainly examined by schools through observation method.The assessment results became the important basis of rewards and punishments for school teachers.The retrospection of the primary and secondary school teachers' appraisal system during this period enlightens that in the development of the current appraisal system of primary and secondary school teachers,a complete system of appraisal system should be built to realize the separation of ' management-discipline-evaluation'.