部分发达国家的学校体育发展方式及启示

School Physical Education in Developed Countries and its Enlightenment

从学校体育目标及价值取向、学校体育管理体制及制度保障、体育教育教学及相关活动的运行方式、学校体育发展的保障条件等方面,对美国、英国、日本、德国、俄罗斯等发达国家学校体育发展方式进行研究,提炼出如下启示:学习国外经验应该博采众长但不照搬;学校体育发展方式的确定即是各发展要素的优化组合过程;体育课程改革是学校体育发展方式转变的中心环节;减少政府介入深度的同时引入社会(市场)机制;依托社会资源开展课外体育活动;场馆设施的供给应以实用为首要原则,提倡学校与社区资源共享。

This paper studied the goals, management systems, content, development measures oi physical education in the U. S. , the U. K. , Japan, Germany and Russia. It could be seen that lots of experience could be drawn and to develop school physical eduction in China, it was important to reform the curriculum. Furthermore, the government＇s role in school sports development should be changed. The market mechanism should be brought into school physical education to develop ex--curricular sports activities. The school sports facilities could be utilized both by the schools and the communi- ties.