超临界CO_2萃取法、超声法与压榨法提取青刺果油试验比较

Comparative Research on Seed Oil of Prinsepia utilis Prepared by Supercritical Fluid Extraction,Ultrasonic Extraction and Squeezing Methods

[目的]比较青刺果油不同提取方法的差异。[方法]应用超临界CO_2萃取法(SCFE)、超声法和压榨法提取青刺果油,从得油率、感官品质和理化指标等方面进行对比,并通过气相色谱-质谱(GC-MS)法测定3种方法所得油脂的成分与含量。[结果]SCFE法、超声法和压榨法的得油率分别为31.9%、32.5%、28.2%;所得油脂中主要脂肪酸成分相同,均为油酸、亚油酸、棕榈酸和硬脂酸,饱和脂肪酸、单不饱和脂肪酸、多不饱和脂肪酸比例分别为1.00∶1.58∶1.47、1.00∶1.75∶1.63、1.00∶1.67∶1.52。[结论]超临界CO_2萃取法提取的青刺果油更可行。

[ Objective ] The study was to compare the different extraction method of seed oil of Prinsepia utilis. [ Method ] Seed oil of Prinse- pia utilis was extracted by different methods including supercritical CO2 extraction （SCFE）, organic solvent-ultrasonic and traditional squee- zing method. The chemical components of the seed oil were analyzed by GC-MS. By the same, the yield, sensory quality and chemical indica- tors were studied in comparison. [ Result] The yield of seed oil of Prinsepia utilis extracted by SCFE is 31.9%, lower than that by organic sol- vent-ultrasonic extraction （32.5%）, both higher than that by traditional squeezing method （28.2%）. There are the same 4 main fatty acids in seed oil of Prinsepia utilis made by the three methods, including oleic acid, linolic acid, palmitic acid, stearic acid. The proportion of satu- rated to monounsaturated to polysaturated fatty acids of the oil by SCFE was 1.00： 1.58： 1.47, the other two ways were 1.00： 1.75：1.63 and 1.00： 1.67： 1.52. [ Conclusion] It was more feasible to extract the seed oil of Prinsepia utilis with supercritical CO2 extraction method.