相干光断层成像术在葡萄膜炎患者中的应用

The application of optical coherence tomography in uveitis patients

葡萄膜炎是指发生于葡萄膜、视网膜、视网膜血管以及玻璃体的炎症反应.患者以中青年人群为主,临床表现具有多样性,易反复发作,病情迁延,危害患者视力,甚至导致失明.OCT技术是一项操作简便的无创检查方法,扫描获得的视网膜图像接近组织学结构,尤其加深扫描（EDI）模式可显示脉络膜全层结构,在葡萄膜炎的诊疗工作中日益得到推广使用.眼前节OCT可用于观察葡萄膜炎急性期的前房炎症反应,并可提供急性期和恢复期虹膜和角膜结构的变化情况.眼后节频域OCT可清晰显示葡萄膜炎患者视网膜的各种改变.EDI-OCT可同时观察视网膜和脉络膜的变化,尤其对脉络膜厚度的测量可评估患者病情的变化及对治疗的反应程度.OCT技术在葡萄膜炎的诊断、随访、疗效观察方面可发挥重要的临床作用.

Uveitis is an inflammatory disease which involves the uvea, retina, retinal vessel and vitreous body.The disease mainly affects middle age and young people with a variety of clinical manifestations and is often recurrent.If not treated properly, it will cause visual impairment and even blindness.Spectral domain optical coherence tomography （SD-OCT） is a noninvasive examination which provides clear images quickly without contacting the eyes.As the development of OCT, we can obtain the sectional images with similar resolution as histological examination.Especially, when the enhanced depth image OCT （EDI-OCT） was used in clinical, the structures of choroid could also be detected.Therefore, OCT was used more and more in uveitis patients.Anterior segment OCT （AS-OCT） is used to evaluate the inflammation in anterior chamber.It also can provide the changes of iris and corneal structures during acute phase and recovery period.SD-OCT can clearly display many kinds of retinopathy in patients with uveitis including macular edema and the changes of retinal thickness.EDI-OCT can be used to observe the changes of retina and choroid at the same time.In particular, the measurement of choroidal thickness can be used to evaluate the choroidal changes and the degree of the response to treatment.Therefore, SD-OCT helps to diagnose uveitis and is easily used in the disease follow-up and treatment effect observation.