中国记忆史研究的路径问题——以《记忆的政治》为中心

On the Research Route of Chinese Memorial History:Taking Politics of Memory As the Center

在20世纪90年代以来的中国记忆史研究中,始终徘徊着一个幽灵,这就是法国的社会学家哈布瓦赫。这表明,中国记忆史研究已经对建构主义形成了路径依赖。正是从建构主义的基本观点出发,《记忆的政治》对"大生产运动"的思想史意义进行了过度阐释,脱离了具体的历史语境。从学理上说,记忆史研究至少有三条路径:建构主义、道德主义、证据主义。这三条路径源于三种不同的提问方式:集体记忆是如何建构和传承的?什么样的记忆建构是合乎道德的?谁的记忆是合乎历史真实的?

A spectre has been haunting the study of Chinese memorial history since the 1990 s,it is the French sociologist Maurice Halbwachs.This shows that the research of Chinese memorial history has formed over reliance on the path of constructivism.Just starting from the basic point view of constructivism,Zhou Haiyan＇s Politics of Memory had overinterpreted the ideological significance of＂mass production movement＂and divorced from the concrete historical context.As a conclusion,this paper argues that the research on memorial history has at least three paths：constructivism,moralism and evidence science.These paths based on three different ways of asking questions：How to construct and inherit collective memory？What kind of memory construction is moral？Whose memory is in accord with historical truth？