移情护理对改善脑卒中患者负性情绪、睡眠质量的作用

Effect of empathy care in improving the negative mood, sleep quality of stroke patients

目的 探讨移情护理对脑卒中患者负性情绪以及睡眠质量的影响。方法 选择2012年12月-2013年12月解放军第一六九医院神经内科收治的150例脑卒中患者,采用随机数表法分为移情组以及对照组,每组各75例。对照组采用常规护理,移情组在对照组的常规护理的基础上进行移情护理（建立良好的护患关系的同时采用倾听、换位思考、社会支持、睡眠卫生教育等护理干预）。采用焦虑自评量表（SAS）、抑郁自评量表（SDS）、一般自我效能量表（GSES）以匹兹堡睡眠质量指数表（PSQI）评价患者的负性情绪、睡眠质量等,比较两组干预前后的效果。结果 移情组患者在干预前SAS、SDS及GSES评分分别为（58.47±4.56）、（66.51±5.16）、（2.28±0.34）分,干预后为（36.64±5.65）、（48.16±5.36）、（2.71±0.38）分;对照组干预前分别为（58.35±5.35）、（67.14±4.23）、（2.18±0.39）分,干预后为（49.76±5.78）、（57.82±6.98）、（2.38±0.33）分,两组患者干预后各评分均较干预前明显改善,且移情组优于对照组,差异均有统计学意义（P〈0.05）。移情组患者干预前PSQI中睡眠时间、入睡时间、睡眠质量、睡眠效率、睡眠障碍、日间功能障碍、睡眠药物、PSQI总分分别为（1.13±0.48）、（1.78±0.57）、（1.54±0.73）、（0.98±0.34）、（1.18±0.54）、（1.97±0.84）、（1.02±0.42）、（9.60±3.92）分,干预后分别为（0.63±0.31）、（1.21±0.15）、（1.12±0.01）、（0.62±0.24）、（0.78±0.33）（1.72±0.82）、（0.71±0.35）、（6.79±2.39）分;对照组干预前分别为（1.21±0.60）、（1.81±0.86）、（1.56±0.70）、（0.97±0.44）（1.12±0.49）、（1.99±0.83）、（1.04±0.48）、（9.70±3.82）分,干预后分别为（0.91±0.42）、（1.67±0.35）、（1.43±0.62）、（0.73±0.31）、（0.97±0.48）、（1.98±0.83）、（0.91±0.50）、（8.42±4.10）分,两组患者干预后各评分均较干预前明显改善,且移情组优于对照组,差异均有统计学意义（P〈0.05或P〈0.01）。结论 对脑卒中患者进行移情护理干预,可有效改善患者睡眠质量,降低患者负性情绪。

Objective To explore the effect of empathy care in improving the negative mood, sleep quality of stroke patients. Methods From December 2012 to December 2013, in Department of Neurology, the 169 th Hospital of PLA,150 stroke patients were selected and divided into empathy group and control group, according to random number table,with 75 cases in each group. The control group was given routine nursing, and empathy group was given empathy care（making a good nurse-patient relationship, while using listening, empathy, social support nursing interventions, sleep hygiene education and so on） on the basic of routine nursing. SAS, SDS, GSES and PSQI were used to evaluate negative mood and sleep quality, the results of two groups before and after the intervention were compared. Results Before the intervention, SAS, SDS and GSES of patients in empathy group were（58.47±4.56）,（66.51±5.16）,（2.28±0.34） scores, after the intervention, these were（36.64±5.65）,（48.16±5.36）,（2.71±0.38） scores; these in control group before the intervention were（58.35 ±5.35）,（67.14 ±4.23）,（2.18 ±0.39） scores, after the intervention were（49.76 ±5.78）,（57.82 ±6.98）,（2.38±0.33） scores, these in two groups after the intervention were better than those before the intervention, and these in empathy group after the intervention were better than those in control group, the differences were statistically significant（P〈0.05）. Before the intervention, the sleep time, the time to fall asleep, sleep quality, sleep efficiency, sleep disorder, dysfunction in the daytime, sleep medicine and PSQI total scores of patients in empathy group before the intervention were（1.13 ±0.48）,（1.78 ±0.57）,（1.54 ±0.73）,（0.98±0.34）,（1.18±0.54）,（1.97±0.84）,（1.02±0.42）,（9.60±3.92） scores, those afer the intervention were（0.63 ±0.31）,（1.21 ±0.15）,（1.12 ±0.01）,（0.62 ±0.24）,（0.78 ±0.33）（1.72 ±0.82）,（0.71±0.35）,（6.79±2.39） scores; those in control group before the intervention were（1.21±0.60）,（1.81±0.86）,（1.56±0.70）,（0.97 ±0.44）（1.12 ±0.49）,（1.99 ±0.83）,（1.04 ±0.48）,（9.70 ±3.82） scores, these after the intervention were（0.91 ±0.42）,（1.67 ±0.35）,（1.43 ±0.62）,（0.73 ±0.31）,（0.97 ±0.48）,（1.98 ±0.83）,（0.91 ±0.50）,（8.42 ±4.10） scores,these in two groups after the intervention were better than those before the intervention, and these in empathy group after the intervention were better than those in control group, the differences were statistically significant（P〈0.05 or P〈 0.01）.Conclusion Applying empathy nursing in brain stroke patients can effectively improve the sleep quality of patients and decrease the negative emotion of patients.