我国固相萃取技术及其在水质检测中的应用进展

Solid phase extraction technology and its application in water quality detection in China

由于目前我国工农业的迅猛发展,造成了广泛而严重的水污染,因此,对于水质检测技术的需求也在不断的提高。近年来,随着固相萃取技术的发展,将其与原子吸收、ICP-MS、气相色谱质谱、液相色谱质谱等技术联用,能够实现对重金属离子、农药残留、有机污染物等多方面的水中污染物的检测。固相萃取技术用于水质检测克服了传统方法中难以处理的大体积样品、有毒溶剂用量大及易乳化、耗时等缺点,能够有效地将分析物与干扰组分分离,简化了样品预处理过程。作者从水质污染中常见的重金属离子、农药残留、有机污染物3个方面讨论了固相萃取技术及其在水质检测中的应用进展。

At present,the rapid development of industry and agriculture in our country has caused the extensive and serious water pollution,so the demand for water quality inspection technology is continuely increasing. In recent years,with the development of solid phase extraction,the technical combination of solid phase extraction with atomic absorption spectroscopy,inductively coupled plasma mass spectrometry,gas chromatography mass spectrometry,and liquid chromatography mass spectrometry can achieve the detections of various water pollutants,including heavy metal ions,pesticide residues,and organic pollutants. Solidphase extraction technology for water quality detection overcomes the shortcomings of traditional methods,which include be difficult to deal with large sample size,large dosage of toxic solvents,easy emulsification,and longer time consuming. It can effectively separate the analyte from the interfering component,and simplify the process of sample pretreatment. The author discusses the solid-phase extraction technology from three common aspects of water pollution,which are heavy metal ions,pesticide residues,organic pollutants,and reviews its application in water quality detection.