2007—2014年绵阳市农药中毒流行病学分析

Epidemiological analysis of pesticide poisoning in Mianyang City from 2007-2014

目的了解绵阳市2007--2014年农药中毒情况，为制定有效的干预措施提供参考。方法对2007--2014年中国疾病预防控制信息系统中报告的绵阳市农药中毒病例进行统计分析。结果2007--2014年绵阳市共报告农药中毒1832例，其中男性806例，占44．00％；女性1026例，占56．00％。死亡170例，病死率9．28％。生产性中毒313例，占17．09％；以男性为主。非生产性中毒1519例，占82．91％；以女性为主。不同性别农药中毒类型的差异有统计学意义（x2=58．75，P〈O．05）。②生产性中毒主要集中在45—64岁，非生产性中毒主要集中在25～54岁，不同年龄农药中毒类型的差异有统计学意义（x。=189．55，P〈O．05）。③生产性中毒主要发生在盐亭县，非生产性中毒主要发生在三台县。④生产性中毒集中发生在7—9月，非生产l生中毒全年发生较平均，不同季节农药中毒类型的差异有统计学意义（X~280．71，P〈O．05）。⑤中毒农药类型以杀虫剂中的有机磷杀虫剂为主，占47．27％。结论绵阳市农药中毒形势仍较严峻，应加强农药的管理，加大对农药安全使用及防护知识的普及，努力降低农药中毒的发生和死亡。

[Objective] To understand the characteristics of pesticide poisoning cases in Mianyang City from 2007-2014, provide a reference for formulating the effective interventions. [ Methods ] The pesticide poisoning cases in Mianyang City from 2007-2014, which were collected from the China disease prevention and control information system, were statistically analyzed. [Results] From 2007 to 2014, a total of 1 832 cases of pesticide poisoning were reported in Mianyang City, including 806 （44.00%） male patients and 1 026 female patients （56.00%）. There were 170 death cases with the fatality rate of 9.28%. 17.09% （313 cases） of cases were productive poisoning, and most of patients were male. 82.91% （1 519 cases） of cases were non-productive poisoning, and most of patients were female. The difference in poisoning type between sex groups was statistically significant （X2=58.75, P〈0.05）. The productive poisoning cases concentrated in 45-64 year-old age group, while non-productive poisoning cases concentrated in 25-54 year-old age group, and the difference in poisoning type among age groups was statistically significant （X2=189.55, P〈0.05）. The productive poisoning cases chiefly occurred in Yanting County, while non-productive poisoning cases were mainly reported in Santai County. The productive poisoning cases mainly appeared during the July-September, while the non-productive poisoning cases occurred all over the year, and the difference in poisoning type among different seasons was statistically significant （X2=280.71, P〈0.05）. The main type of pesticide poisoning was organophosphorus insecticides, accounting for 47.27%. [ Conclusion ] The situation of pesticide poisoning is severe in Mianyang City. It is necessary to strengthen the management of pesticide, and popularize the knowledge about safety use and protection of pesticides, to reduce the incidence rate and fatality rate of pesticide poisoning.