2011—2013年深圳市罗湖区手足口病流行病学特征分析

Analysis on epidemiological characteristics of hand-foot-and-mouth disease in Luohu District of Shenzhen City from 2011-2013

目的分析深圳市罗湖区2011—2013年手足口病流行病学特征,为预防控制手足口病提供科学依据。方法采用描述流行病学方法对深圳市罗湖区2011—2013年手足口病疫情数据进行分析。结果 2011—2013年报告手足口病8 271例,年平均发病率为296.44/10万;发病有明显的季节性,全年出现2个发病高峰,主要发病集中在4—6月;翠竹街道、黄贝街道和莲塘街道报告的病例数最多,3个街道报告的病例数占所有病例数的40.56%;男性发病数5 117例,女性发病数为3 154例,男女性别比例为1.62∶1;5岁以下幼儿为主要发病人群,占所有发病数的93.25%;以散居儿童为主,占所有发病数的67.57%;共报告手足口病暴发疫情21起。结论深圳市罗湖区手足口病流行具有明显的季节、年龄和职业特征,采取综合防治手段具有明显的公共卫生意义。

[ Objective ] To identify the epidemiological characteristics of hand-foot-and-mouth disease（HFMD ）in Luohu District of Shenzhen City, provide scientific evidence for control and prevention of HFMD.[Methods] The epidemic data of HFMD in Luohu District of Shenzhen City from 2011-2013 were analyzed by descriptive epidemiology method. [ Results ] A total of 8 271 HFMD cases were reported in Luohu District from 2011-2013, with the average annual incidence of 296.44/lakh. There is a certain seasonal characteristic with two season peaks, and the cases mainly occurred from April to June. HFMD cases were mainly reported in Cuizhu Sub-district, Huangbei Sub-district and Liantang Sub-district, accounted for 40.56%. There were 5 117 male cases and 3 154 female cases, and the ratio of male to female was 1.62：1. 93.25% of patients were children under 5 years old, while the scattered children accounted for 67.57% of total cases. A total of 21 HFMD outbreaks were reported. [ Conclusion ] The epidemic situation of HFMD has characteristics of season, age and occupation in Luohu District of Shenzhen City. To take effective control and prevention measures has obvious public health significance.