三门峡市加油站作业工人职业健康检查结果分析

Analysis on occupational health examination results among gas station workers in Sanmenxia City

目的了解三门峡市加油站作业工人的健康状况及长期接触汽油对加油工人健康的影响。方法对三门峡市某石化企业660名加油站作业工人进行职业健康检查,检查项目包括职业史、问诊、内科常规检查、神经系统和皮肤科常规检查、血常规、尿常规、肝功能、血糖、血脂、心电图和腹部B超,并对检查结果进行统计分析。结果加油站作业工人各种疾病和指标异常检出率为神经衰弱综合征3.5%,皮肤异常1.8%,高血压9.2%,高血脂20.5%,高血糖3.3%,血常规异常9.4%,尿常规异常18.2%,肝功能异常18.3%,心电图异常4.7%,腹部B超异常42.1%。趋势χ2检验表明,加油站作业人员高血压、高血脂、尿常规、肝功能和心电图异常检出率均有随年龄增长而增高的线性趋势(P<0.05);高血压、高血脂、肝功能、心电图和腹部B超异常检出率均有随工龄增长而增高的线性趋势(P<0.05)。结论加油站作业工人长期接触汽油,已出现一定程度的慢性健康损害,企业需提高职业病防范意识,加强员工职业病防护工作。

[Objective] To understand the health status of gas station workers in Sanmenxia City, analyze the effect of long-term exposure to gasoline in workers.[Methods] Occupational health examination was performed among 660 gas station workers in a petrochemical enterprise of Sanmenxia City, the items including occupational history, inquiry, routine examination of internal medicine, routine examination of the nervous system and dermatology, blood routine test, urine routine test, liver function, blood glucose, blood lipid, electrocardiogram （ECG）, and abdominal B-mode ultrasound, and the results were statistically analyzed. [Results] The detection rate of neurasthenic syndrome, skin abnormal results, hypertension, hyperlipidemia, high blood glucose, abnormal results of blood routine test, abnormal results of urine routine test, abnormal liver function, abnormal results of ECG, and abnormal results of abdominal B-mode ultrasound was 3.5%, 1.8%, 9.2%, 20.5%, 3.3%, 9.4%, 18.2%, 18.3%, 4.7% and 42.1%, respectively. The trend X2 test showed that the detection rate of hypertension, hyperlipidemia, abnormal results of urine routine test, abnormal liver function and abnormal results of ECG increased with increasing of age in gas station workers （P〈0.05）, while the detection rate of hypertension, hyperlipidemia, abnormal liver function, abnormal results of ECG and abnormal results of abdominal B-mode uhrasound increased with increasing of working age （P〈0.05）.[Conclusion] Long-term exposure to gasoline has caused the chronic health damages in gas station workers. Therefore, the enterprise should improve the prevention awareness of occupational disease, and strengthen the occupational disease prevention of employees.