全液压伸缩臂式换轨车结构设计及有限元分析

The structural design and finite element analysis of full hydraulic rail switching car with telescopic boom

铁路的高速发展对长钢轨铺换车(简称换轨车)提出了更高的要求。为解决现有换轨车体积大、易掉道和工况适应能力差等弊端,研制出一款全液压伸缩臂式换轨车,利用换轨部件、伸缩臂和配重等的设计来解决上述问题。采用理论计算、有限元法以及实验测量对载荷进行详细分析,并根据实际作业情况设定6种工况,建立虚拟样机进行有限元分析,得到其静力学、动力学分析结果。结果表明,设计的换轨车符合要求,其三节臂腹板是应力危险位置,且容易失稳。今后对于类似换轨机械考虑动载时可以取不小于1.2的动载系数。

The highly rapid development of railways puts forward higher requirements for rail switching cars. In order to solve its current disadvantages of large volume, easy off-rail and poor adaptability to working conditions, will design a full hydraulic rail switching car,which uses the designs of rail switching components, telescopic boom and counterweight, etc to salve the above problems. It employs theoretical calculation, finite element method and experimental measurement to analyze the load in details and designs six working conditions according to actual operating conditions. It also establishes virtual prototype to carry out finite element analysis, thus getting its statics and dynamics analysis results. The results show that the designed rail switching car meets the requirements, whose three-arm web is dangerous positions for stress and also easy to lose balance. Therefore, for similar rail switching machinery in the future, the coefficient no less than 1.2 can be used when dynamic load is considered.