恶性肿瘤化疗患者医院感染的相关因素分析

Current prevalence analysis Related factors of nosocomial infection in patients with cancer chemotherapy

目的：通过分析恶性肿瘤患者化疗后合并医院感染的临床资料，探讨此类患者医院感染的特点及易感因素。方法：采用病例回顾对照方法，对2013年8月-2014年7月作者所在医院的恶性肿瘤患者化疗后发生医院感染的病例资料进行分析。结果：在7112例住院的恶性肿瘤化疗患者中发生医院感染病例934份，感染率为13.13%；其中肝、肺、胰腺恶性肿瘤患者的感染率较高；感染部位主要以呼吸系统感染为主，其次为消化系统，有364（38.97%）例病例，感染部位不明确；感染的病原菌主要以革兰氏阴性菌为主；不同性别对医院感染的发生率的影响，比较无统计学意义（P〉0.05）；年龄〉70岁，住院时间〉14d，肿瘤临床分期在Ⅲ~Ⅳ期， ANC〈1.5×109/L、低蛋白血症、化疗周期大于4、合并糖尿病或乙肝的患者更易发生医院感染，比较差异具有统计学意义（P〈0.05）。结论：通过对恶性肿瘤患者化疗后发生医院感染的发病特点及相关因素进行分析，为临床预防与治疗恶性肿瘤患者医院感染提供依据。

Objective：To analyze the clinical data chemotherapy consolidation of hospital infection in cancer patients, and to explore the characteristics of nosocomial infection in these patients and predisposing factors. Methods： August 2013 - July 2014 where the author hospital clinical data Chemotherapy nosocomial infections in cancer patients were analyzed retrospectively. Results： In 7112 cases of cancer chemotherapy nosocomial infections occurred in 934 copies, the infection rate was 13.13%;where the liver, lung, pancreas cancer prevalence higher;site of infection mainly respiratory infections, followed by the digestive system, which has 364 （38.97%）cases, the site of infection is not clear;infection pathogens mainly Gram-negative bacteria dominated;different gender on the incidence of nosocomial infections affect, no significant difference （P〉0.05）;aged〉70 years of age, length of stay〉14d, clinical stage in Ⅲ~Ⅳ, ANC〈1.5×109/L, hypoalbuminemia, the number of chemotherapy cycles greater than 4, or hepatitis B patients with diabetes are more likely to nosocomial infection compared with statistical significance（P〈0.05）. Conclusion：The combined hospital discharge for patients with cancer/chemotherapy infection characteristics and related factors analysis, to provide prevention and treatment of cancer clinical hospital discharge/infection after chemotherapy to provide evidence.