不同有氧固态发酵方式对酒糟腐熟过程的影响

Effect of Different Aerobic Solid-state Fermentations on Vinasse Composting Process

从农业固体废弃物资源化利用角度出发，设计了以酒糟为原料。稻草秸秆、锯末粉和生石灰为填充料的高温堆肥体系。探索该堆肥体系的主要指标的动态变化。处理T3（酒糟＋锯末粉＋稻草秸秆＋生石灰＋茵种1）在第6天堆体温度达到56℃，持续12d后温度降到55℃以下；在整个堆肥过程中，各处理的水分散失为13．82％-27．62％；处理T3pH值在第9天达到最低，为5．1，随后缓慢上升且24d后基本趋于7左右；处理T3碳含量在21d后共减少10．15％，是未发酵前碳含量的21.39％；处理T3的全氮值在第6天达到最低，为2．51％，而后逐步增大至3．52％．处理T3C／N最后稳定在10．58；处理T3在第4天后的发芽指数即达到50％以上，快速达到无害化腐熟标准。在本试验条件下处理T3有利于酒糟有机肥的快速腐熟进而达到安全无害化，是酒糟废弃物资源化生产有机肥的途径之一。

From agricultural solid waste resource of the view,taking vinasse as raw material,and rice straw,sawdust powder and quicklime as filling material, a high temperature eomposting system was designed to explore the dynamic changes of the main indicators of the composting system.The results showed that the temperature of T3 Treatment （vinasse ＋sawdust powder ＋ straw ＋ quicklime ＋ Strain 1 ）raised rapidly to 56 ~C on the sixth day, and lasted for more than 12 d over 55 ~C ,the moisture losses of all treatments were between 13.82% and 27.62% ,the pH values of the T3 Treatment decreased first with the lowest point 5.1 and increased afterwards, and stabilized at around 7.0 after 24 d, for the T3 Treatment, the C content decreased by 10.15% and was 21.39% of that before fermentation. The N content first decreased to 2.51% and then rose to 3.52%. The C/N ratio was kept to 10.58 after 21 d, furthermore, germination index of the T3 Treatment reached over 50% on the fourth day, meeting the standard of maturity of vinasse compost. Under our conditions,the T3 Treatment took advantages for the maturity of vinasse compost,thus becoming a new strategy of vinasse waste re-utilization.