公共卫生伦理核心价值探讨

Discussion on Core Values of Public Health Ethics

公共卫生伦理问题的出现与一个社会的伦理观点和问题意识密切相关。生命伦理学的发展为公共卫生伦理问题提供了观念资源,然而,公共卫生伦理问题却不能简单照搬生命伦理学的基本原则。对公共卫生伦理的探讨,应该在结合公共卫生自身特点的基础上,回溯到伦理学理论本身去寻找理论资源。由此,提出五个公共卫生伦理核心价值,包括促进健康公平;平衡公共善与个人自由的张力;团结协作;信息公开透明、公众知情;最小伤害、适度干预。

The arising of public health ethics is closely related to the ethics of society and its sensibility to such issues. The development of bioethics provides the societal context for the recognition of public health ethics; however, the basic principles of bioethics could not be simply copied while considering public health ethics. In this article, it is claimed that the discussion of such problems should go back to the theoretical resources of ethics along with the particular concern to the context and characteristics of public health. Thus, the authors proposed five core values for public health ethics, including promoting health equity;keeping balance between public good and individual freedom;solidarity and cooperation; transparency and informed the public;minimal risk and appropriate intervention.