基于航道与泊位资源协调调度的船舶交通优化

Optimization of Vessel Scheduling Based on Coordination of One-Way Channel and Berths

将港口航道与泊位资源协调利用,可最大限度地提高港口运营效率。对此,以所有船舶总在港时间和等待时间最少为目标,建立基于单向航道的多目标船舶调度优化模型。根据港口不同区域的交通流特征,建立初始化约束、流量转换约束、时隙分配约束和泊位冲突消解约束等多个约束模型。设计多目标遗传算法进行求解,并设计有针对性的模拟场景进行验证;以港口某一繁忙时段的20艘船舶为例,进行调度试验。最终得到8个Pareto最优解和2个目标的最优解:总调度时间为2.618 6 h,添加惩罚后总等待时间为23.012 4 h。结果表明:该模型及算法给出的调度方案能有效提高船舶的调度效率。

Careful coordinating the channel and berths can maximize the efficiency of a port. With the objective that total sum of time of all vessels spending in the harbor and waiting for available channel is minimized, a multi-objective optimiza- tion model of vessel scheduling based on one-way channel is built. Initialization constraints, traffic conversion constraints, slot allocation constraints and berths conflict resolution models are defined respectively based on traffic flow characteristics in different regions of the port. A multi-objective genetic algorithm is designed to solve the proposed model, and a practical scenario of 20 vessels at a peak period is designed to validate the reasonability and effectiveness of the model. The simula- tion results show that there are 8 Pareto optimal scheduling scheme options as the optimal solution, in which the total of time is 2. 6186 hours and the waiting time is 23. 0124 hours. The results of experiment suggest that the proposed scheduling model is of great value to improve the efficiency of vessel traffic.