东北三省湿地演化特征遥感分析

Properties of Wetland Succession in Three Northeast Provinces Based on RS

以1976年MSS、2001年ETM和2007年CBERS为遥感数据源,利用人机交互目视解译和野外检验方法获取湿地数据,定量分析东北三省湿地动态变化的相对速率、位移和类型转化,为东北湿地资源的保护与合理利用提供科学依据。结果表明:黑龙江、吉林、辽宁三省湿地面积分别为42 249.71 km2、10 737.95 km2、9 744.79 km2;32年来全区湿地先减少后快速增加,黑龙江省湿地面积变化的幅度最大,吉林省湿地变化的相对速率最大;东北三省湿地重心总体位于黑龙江哈尔滨市和宾县之间,32年来有向西移动的趋势;湿地与非湿地之间转化明显,其中大部分转向人工湿地,沼泽转化率高。

Based on the MSS data in 1976, ETM data in 2001 and CBERS data in 2007, the wetlands data were obtained by the way of man-machine interactive interpretation and field checkout. The relative speed, displacement and transformation of wetlands were analyzed quantitatively in the three northeast provinces of China, aiming to provide a scientific basis for the protection and rational utilization of wetland resources in northeast China. The results showed that the existing wetland area of Heilongjiang, Jilin, Liaoning provinces was about 42 249.71 km2, 10 737.95 km2 and 9 744.79 km2 respectively. The wetland area decreased initially and then increased rapidly in the past 32 years. The largest range of variation and the largest relative speed of wetland area change were in Heilongjiang and Jilin Province respectively. The wetland barycenter was located in between Harbin city and Bin county, and moves continually towards the west. The transformation between wetland and non-wetland was obvious, most of which transformed into constructed wetlands, and the rate of transformation into marshese was high.